In this article, we will talk about Russian Sambo, and ask questions: What is Sambo? What is the Sambo philosophy? What is classic sports sambo? Why is the professional insurance of a Sambo coach important? What is Combat Sambo? What is the difference between sports sambo and combat sambo? Does sambo have special protective equipment? What is the equipment for Sambo? What do they wear in training and Sambo competitions? Why are Sambo wrestlers successful in (MMA)? Who are the famous people of Sambo?
What is Sambo?
Sambo was developed by Anatoly Kharlampiyev as a martial art and method of self-defense in the former Soviet Union in 1938, and this name translated from Russian means self-defense without weapons. Its roots come from Judo and Wrestling. In sports Sambo, special attention is paid to physical fitness, strength, flexibility, and athleticism. This method was developed primarily for military and police purposes. It was conceived as an effective tool in extreme conditions: in winter, in a crowded room, etc. As a result, in its development, special emphasis was placed on painful and suffocating techniques for arresting and escorting a suspect. This technique uses many different types of hand locks as well as sleeve and collar manipulations to paralyze the upper body and subdue the opponent. Sambo combines Japanese Jiu-jitsu with Wrestling and Boxing techniques, and the goal is to find a solution to an extreme scenario in the style of fighting without rules on the street or in the war. Sambo is a popular sport in modern Russia, which is constantly undergoing evolutionary processes, including thousands of effective techniques and exercises in its arsenal. Sambo's technical arsenal is based on a set of the most effective methods of defense and attack, selected from many different types of martial arts in the world. The sambo training method has recently gained worldwide recognition, and it is taught in more than seventy countries around the world.
What is the philosophy of Sambo?
The philosophy of the method is aimed at developing traits and lifestyle principles in the trainees, such as morality, survival, and self-discipline to achieve life goals. The method is aimed at efficiency and progress, continuous improvement and innovation, and openness to criticism. Along with integrated techniques from all over the world, Sambo has absorbed the moral principles of peoples who have passed on their share of culture. These values allowed Sambo to pass the difficult tests of time and to withstand them. Those who are engaged in sambo today not only learn to defend themselves but also gain experience of respectful behavior based on the values of patriotism and citizenship.
What is classic sports Sambo?
The style is designed for effective defense, in the style of classic sports Sambo. Anyone can start practicing. International competitions are held from time to time. Recognized as an Olympic sport, but not yet included in the official program of the Olympic Games. The method is similar to Judo and Wrestling, but with changes in rules and dress. However, in Sambo, is permitted bolts on legs, and strangulation is not allowed. In Judo, on the other hand, strangulation is permitted, but leg bolts cannot be used. The risk of injury during training in classic sports Sambo is minimal. Suitable for anyone who wants to master self-defense techniques, improve physical fitness, strengthen muscles, and cardiopulmonary endurance. It is also possible to professionally prepare for international Japanese Judo competitions due to the great similarity between the methods. Several specific rules have been developed in which participants are classified by age, gender, and weight category. Victory is awarded by the points that participants gain for performing strength exercises, such as painful grip or strangulation, as well as an early victory in combat, which can be won by effectively throwing the opponent to the ground.
What is Combat Sambo?
Initially, the first version of Sambo was intended for the Russian Special Forces, which is an elite Special Forces unit. It was assumed that it would be a weapon of attack, not self-defense. Later, this version was to become part of the mandatory training of law enforcement agencies such as the police and other Russian armed forces. The method contains fast and effective techniques and attacks designed to inflict maximum damage and even death. Moreover, it is also a tool for effective defense against an unarmed and armed adversary. In self-defense or martial arts schools, different types of sambo are taught. At the same time, certain chapters on the method are still available only to Russian Special Forces. The civilian style of Sambo includes all the elements of self-defense, similar to Japanese Jiu-jitsu, Aikido, and Judo, techniques, and exercises in it are carried out in the style of the Israeli civilian course "Krav-Maga", which includes a collection of effective techniques of combined martial arts.
What is the difference between sports Sambo and Combat Sambo? And why is professional insurance important for a Sambo trainer?
Combat Sambo is designed for law enforcement. However, the classic method was created for the self-defense of the civilian population. In classic Sambo, defense is accomplished without attack, however, combat Sambo is based on attacks, using all means to completely and quickly neutralize the enemy. In fact, this is the main task of combat Sambo. For this reason, this method is considered a form of mixed martial arts in the Western world. One can practice the classic style of Sambo without prior knowledge and at any age. On the other hand, when moving on to combat Sambo, it is worth starting from classical Sambo with initial knowledge and a good base. In terms of beauty and dynamism, combat Sambo is in the first place, although there are many injuries compared to classical Sambo, in which such cases are very rare. In any case, in both classical and combat Sambo, there are dangerous elements in training that are not always under the control of a coach! As a result, it is recommended and even mandatory for every coach in the industry to have professional insurance.
Why are Sambo wrestlers successful in (MMA)?
Due to the technical capabilities used in combat Sambo, fights look dynamic and do not last long, as they often end in knockdown or knockout. Recently, in the era of combined martial arts (MMA), Sambo has gained immense popularity through its use of multifaceted martial arts. In combat Sambo, in addition to using the classic wrestling arsenal, assault technique is allowed. One can hit with all parts of the body to the entire body of the enemy, except for prohibited weak points.
Who are the famous people of Sambo?
Putin, Vladimir Vladimirovich - Prime Minister and President of Russia for several terms.
Khabib Nurmagomedov - is an undefeated champion in mixed martial arts, he participated in 29 fights with 29 victories.
Taktarov, Oleg Nikolaevich - movie star and multiple world champion in (MMA).
What does the training equipment of the Self-Defense trainer include?
Following the history of the method, great importance is attached to the formation of functional muscles. On the one hand, it is necessary to work on speed and agility in movement, and on the other hand, to develop muscles to increase strength and power. To succeed in this task: Need to work with small weights, many reps in each set; Also combine with strength training, it is advisable to consult with a trainer so as not to damage the muscle ligaments; It is recommended to work with a wrist expander and rubber for dynamic loading; With heavy training rope; a lot of reps on a heavy and light boxing bag; With a punching bag, etc ... It is imperative to practice throwing, choking, blocking, kicking and punching. Punches and knees on the trainer's abdomen may only be performed with suitable and safe belly protectors! In the tactical training of Krav-Maga, rubbery equipment is used like knives, padded sticks, etc... One needs to use equipment that has passed strict safety tests. When signing up for a club, check if their gym floor is well protected and if there is a suitable protective pad against falls, throws, etc. Below is a list of the recommended trainer equipment when teaching Self-Defense:
How important is personal protective equipment when practicing Self-Defense?
Good schools understand the importance of protective equipment when teaching martial arts in general and in combat in particular. Demonstrations and battles are not allowed without appropriate protective equipment! These are usually inexpensive shields compared to the physical damage they prevent. Also, there is no insurance without protective equipment! When striking a punching bag, be it a jab, cross, hook, or uppercut, boxing gloves should be used. It is recommended for full contact to use a body protector that maintains the integrity of the ribs. Also, shields for the head, teeth, groin, and legs are recommended.
It is very important to practice Self-Defense using rubber training knives and even more important during training to wear appropriate protective equipment: such as glasses designed to protect the eyes; a body protector; a Head guard against receiving an unwanted blow. The following is a list of recommended equipment for knife defense studies:
With what equipment is it recommended to practice Self-Defense at home?
To learn Self-Defense, one needs to practice the same thing, many times over. This is not a theoretical area compared to other martial arts where one can learn from a trainer by watching directly through a computer. So practice and interaction are of the utmost importance. Although, it is worth it and even recommended to work at home on punches and kicks, strength training, etc. For this purpose, it is possible to purchase minimal personal equipment that does not take up much space at home. Prepares physically for classes in the section. It also improves the following parameters: Strength, flexibility, cardiopulmonary endurance, and more.
Using a yoga mat, abdominal muscles can be improved; Training weights are to improve muscle strength; Using an adjustable strength bench can strengthen chest muscles by lifting weights; A free-standing punching bag is a perfect solution for punching and kicking improvement at home ... Below is a list of recommended equipment for home exercise:
Home training is recommended to be performed under the supervision of a certified trainer. It is recommended to avoid exercising alone at home!
How important is cardiopulmonary endurance in Self-Defense workouts?
First of all, this is health, and secondly, in a battle that does not end in a short time, the one who has cardiopulmonary endurance wins. To improve cardiopulmonary endurance, it is recommended to take brisk walks, combined with running, to increase and decrease the pace. These runs can be done outdoors, on the coast, on a Treadmill, or on a Home spinning bike. Recommended: Wear suitable shoes while running, and document and monitor your calorie burn and heart rate with your Smartwatch. Also, with the help of this it is very easy to see improvements in cardiopulmonary endurance, In fact, all your actions are recorded using a computer, and there is a training history. The following is a list of recommended personal equipment for home workouts, for developing cardiopulmonary endurance, and for monitoring and controlling progress:
Home training is recommended to be performed under the supervision of a certified trainer. It is recommended to avoid exercising alone at home!
Resume in Russian Sambo
It turned out that, Russian Sambo has deep Japanese roots in judo, Jiu-jitsu, Aikido, Karate, and other martial arts... Initially, this method was created for the army and police of the USSR. Initially in the Red Army, this method was used by Special Forces as a deadly weapon. At the same time, the need arose to create a self-defense tool for the Russian police. Sambo was supposed to be a solution to the country's difficult external and internal issues, such as neutralizing a person armed with cold or hot weapons and minimizing mortal dangers on both sides during the arrest of a suspect. Over time, Sambo became very popular in Russia in general and throughout the world in particular, Russians created traditional Sambo clothes, dividing the method into two parts: classic, sports, and combat Sambo. Whereas, in the first method, it was possible to learn from the townspeople, and it was intended for self-defense and competition. The second method, developed only for offensive purposes, was used mainly by the country's security forces. Over time, they also began to teach Martial Sambo in civilian schools. But there are also subsections of Combat Sambo, which are taught only to security officials. Combat Sambo has established itself as a versatile, effective, evolving, and deadly method. Over time, outstanding athletes of the method began to win in mixed martial arts around the world. There are quite a few famous people among Sambo wrestlers, but the most famous among them are Putin, Vladimir Vladimirovich, Oleg Tektarov, and Khabib Nurmagomedov. This method has received recognition and respect among people involved in mixed martial arts (MMA), and today more than seventy countries around the world teach this method. We also note that the Sambo philosophy is aimed at constant improvement and helps its students: to work their way into life through the pursuit of perfection itself; and also, the ability to receive constructive criticism.
The author - Gil Peleg.
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Great article - and very informative! I actually did Sambo for about a year with a trainer named Oleg Olberg. I think that Oleg still competes and coaches and it would be awesome if he also joined this site.